Aspectos normativos para el manejo integrado de la microcuenca del río Buena Vista

Abstract

The study on the normative aspects for the integrated management of the Buena Vista River micro-basin, located in Julcuy (Manabí), highlights the need to articulate national regulations with local management in order to ensure water sustainability and the conservation of tropical dry forest ecosystems, which are highly pressured by deforestation, agricultural expansion, overgrazing, and water pollution. Through a descriptive research with a mixed approach, based on historical analysis, synthesis, descriptive methods, geospatial information, and climate records, a progressive increase in temperature, high precipitation variability associated with Niño–Oscilación del Sur, and a reduction in forest cover between 1990 and 2022 were evidenced, accompanied by the growth of agricultural and urban areas. The use of spectral indices such as Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada made it possible to identify loss of photosynthetic vigor, ecosystem fragmentation, and pressure on riparian vegetation, while the geomorphological characteristics of the micro-basin reflect hilly reliefs, fluvial terraces, and soils moderately susceptible to erosion. Within the legal framework, the importance of the Constitution of Ecuador (2008), the Organic Law of Water Resources (2014), the Organic Code of the Environment (2017), and forestry and biodiversity sectoral regulations is underlined, as they establish guidelines for integrated management, citizen participation, and institutional co-responsibility in the sustainable management of water and territory.