Gross Motor Development in Children Aged 3 to 5 Years and Its Importance in Education.

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47230/ra.v9i1.154

Keywords:

gross motor skills, child development, early childhood education, psychomotricity, learning, early childhood

Abstract

Gross motor development in children aged 3 to 5 years is a fundamental aspect of childhood growth due to its influence on physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development. During this stage, children acquire essential motor skills such as running, jumping, climbing, throwing, and maintaining balance, which enable them to interact more independently with their environment. The purpose of this article is to analyze the importance of gross motor development in children aged 3 to 5 years and its impact on the educational context. The research was conducted using a documentary and bibliographic methodology based on the review of scientific literature related to child development, early childhood education, and psychomotor skills. The findings indicate that strengthening gross motor abilities promotes cognitive development, improves body coordination, contributes to the acquisition of fine motor skills, and enhances social interaction. Furthermore, structured physical activities and play were identified as key strategies for stimulating psychomotor development during early childhood. It is concluded that gross motor development is an essential component of children's holistic learning and should be considered a priority in both family and educational settings.

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Author Biographies

Shirley Marisol Trampuz Toala, Unidad Educativa 15 de Febrero

Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador; Unidad Educativa 15 de Febrero 13H03670

Elsie Elizabeth Chavez Romero, Unidad Educativa 15 de Febrero

Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador; Unidad Educativa 15 de Febrero 13H03670

Jessica Cecilia Villafuerte Chavez, Unidad Educativa 15 de Febrero

Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador; Unidad Educativa 15 de Febrero 13H03670

References

Gallahue, D. L., & Ozmun, J. C. (2012). Understanding motor development: Infants, children, adolescents, adults (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Papalia, D. E., Wendkos Olds, S., & Duskin Feldman, R. (2012). Desarrollo humano (12.ª ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Piaget, J. (1952). The origins of intelligence in children. International Universities Press.

Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2019). Directrices sobre actividad física, comportamiento sedentario y sueño para niños menores de 5 años. Organización Mundial de la Salud. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550536

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.

Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador. (2014). Currículo de Educación Inicial. Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador. https://educacion.gob.ec/curriculo-educacion-inicial/

Berk, L. E. (2013). Child development (9th ed.). Pearson.

UNICEF. (2017). La primera infancia importa para cada niño. Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia. https://www.unicef.org/reports/early-moments-matter-every-child

Published

2026-07-13

How to Cite

Trampuz Toala, S. M., Chavez Romero, E. E., & Villafuerte Chavez, J. C. (2026). Gross Motor Development in Children Aged 3 to 5 Years and Its Importance in Education. REVISTA ALCANCE, 9(1), 156–163. https://doi.org/10.47230/ra.v9i1.154

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